# Exercise 2-1

Change the framing program (Exercise 2-0) so that it writes its greeting with no separation from the frame.

# Solution

The sort of output that we are after looks like this:

</p>

<hr />

<p><em>Hello, Johnny!</em></p>

<hr />

<p>

i.e. We can just simply re-use the same program that we wrote in Exercise 2-0, except this time we change the padding of 1 (space character) to 0 (space characters). In other word, no padding round the greeting message.

For completeness sake, I have copied and pasted the code from Exercise 2-0 here. Note that this time I change the const int pad value to 0. (See line 23 below!)

</p>

<h1>include &lt;iostream&gt;</h1>

<h1>include &lt;string&gt;</h1>

<p>// say what standard-library names we use
using std::cin;
using std::endl;
using std::cout;
using std::string;</p>

<p>int main()
{
// ask for the person's name

string name;
cin &amp;gt;&amp;gt; name;

// build the message that we intend to write
const string greeting = &amp;quot;Hello, &amp;quot; + name + &amp;quot;!&amp;quot;;

// the number of blanks surrounding the greeting

// the number of rows and columns to write
const int rows = ( pad * 2 ) + 3;
const string::size_type cols = greeting.size() + ( pad * 2 ) + 2;

// write a blank line to separate the output from the input
cout &amp;lt;&amp;lt; endl;

// write 'rows' rows of output
// invariant: we have written r rows so far
for ( int r = 0; r != rows ; ++r )
{
string::size_type c = 0;

// invariant: we have written c characters so far in the current row
while ( c != cols)
{
// is it time to write the greeting?
if ( ( r == pad + 1 ) &amp;amp;&amp;amp; ( c == pad + 1 ) )
{
cout &amp;lt;&amp;lt; greeting;
c += greeting.size();
}
else
{
// are we on the border?
if (
( r == 0 )         // top row
|| ( r == rows - 1 )  // or bottom row
|| ( c == 0 )         // or left-most column
|| ( c == cols - 1 )  // or right-most column
)
{
cout &amp;lt;&amp;lt;  &amp;quot;*&amp;quot;;
}
else
{
cout &amp;lt;&amp;lt; &amp;quot; &amp;quot;;
}
++c;
}
}
cout &amp;lt;&amp;lt; endl;
}
return 0;
</code></pre>

<p>}</p>

<p>

# Result

The program compiles successfully and produce the following output in the standard console output window.

Please enter your first name: Johnny</p>

<hr />

<p><em>Hello, Johnny!</em></p>

<hr />

<p>Process returned 0 (0x0)   execution time : 2.905 s
Press any key to continue.


# Reference

Koenig, Andrew & Moo, Barbara E., Accelerated C++, Addison-Wesley, 2000